Strong data policies and a solid legal framework are crucial for the responsible management of data across public health and other sectors. Clear regulations protect data privacy and security, fostering trust and supporting timely decision-making. In global health, comprehensive data frameworks facilitate seamless information sharing across borders, enabling early detection of disease outbreaks, effective resource allocation, and evidence-based policy development. Legal safeguards help prevent data misuse, discrimination, and confidentiality breaches, creating a secure environment for data-driven innovation while upholding individual rights. As a Transform Health partner, we have been advocating for a global and regional health data governance framework grounded in equity and rights-based principles. We urge governments to endorse this through a World Health Assembly resolution and regional mechanisms, paving the way for stronger national laws and regulations. Assessing the current state of health data governance is vital for identifying areas for improvement and promoting better health outcomes.